Essential oils – Health warning (2024)

What is an essential oil?

Essential oils are any plant-based, volatile oil that contains a mixture of chemical compounds and have an aroma characteristic of the plant. Commonly used essential oils are eucalyptus oil, clove oil, tea tree oil and aromatherapy oils.

Vaporiser solutions used in steam vaporisers often contain one or more essential oils in lower concentrations to those used in aromatherapy.

What are essential oils used for?

Essential oils are commonly used in aromatherapy to bring about mental and physical wellbeing. Aromatherapy is the practice of blending different therapeutic essential oils to stimulate a desired response. Essential oils can be applied or massaged into the skin, inhaled or immersed in water.

While aromatherapy has been practiced for centuries in various cultures, it has not yet been properly evaluated for medical effectiveness. However, it remains a popular complementary therapy for helping with certain health conditions.

Examples include:

  • Eucalyptus oil: nasal decongestant, disinfectant.
  • Clove oil: toothaches.
  • Tea tree oil: antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral properties.
  • Peppermint: digestive disorders.
  • Lavender: anxiety, insomnia and restlessness.

What are the dangers of essential oils?

There have been claims made by companies producing essential oil products and their distributors that essential oils are ‘natural’ and therefore are ‘safe to consume’.

Essential oils are not safe to consume and can cause significant poisoning even if small amounts are ingested.

The Western Australian Poisons Information Centre (WAPIC) has recorded an increase in poisonings as a result of essential oil ingestions in children. It is therefore important that essential oils are stored securely in a child-resistant container and kept out of reach of children.

The use of undiluted essential oils on sensitive skin or in the nostrils can irritate or burn. Susceptible people may also develop an allergic reaction and a skin rash.

What are the symptoms of toxicity?

Essential oils are rapidly absorbed orally and symptoms can develop as quickly as 30 minutes after ingestion (some individuals experience delayed symptoms up to 4 hours after exposure). The severity of toxicity is dependent on the type of oil and the amount ingested.

Children are particularly susceptible. As little as 2mL (less than half a teaspoon) of eucalyptus oil can cause significant poisoning in an infant. Symptoms of toxicity include:

  • drowsiness, slow/shallow breathing, coma (after large ingestion)
  • seizures
  • persistent cough, gagging/choking, shortness of breath, wheezing
  • nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea
  • skin irritation (skin exposure)
  • eye redness, irritation or pain (eye exposures).

What should I do after an exposure?

Ingestion:

  • rinse out the mouth
  • phone the Poisons Information Centre on 13 11 26 for advice
  • do not induce vomiting
  • do not give oral fluids until it is advised safe to do so by the Poisons Information Centre. This can increase of risk of vomiting and aspiration of fluid into the lungs.

Eye exposures:

  • Immediately rinse the eye(s) under running water, allowing the water to flow from the corner of the eye closest to the nose over the eye and outwards. This should be continued for 15 minutes. Persistent eye symptoms should be evaluated by a doctor.

Skin:

  • Remove contaminated clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. See a doctor if symptoms do not resolve.

Inhalation:

  • Affected patients should be taken to fresh air.
  • If symptoms do not settle phone the Poisons Information Centre.

Who can I call for help?

  • The Western Australian Poisons Information Centre: phone 13 11 26. This service is available 7 days a week, 24 hours a day – also provides advice about poisonings, suspected poisonings, bites and stings, mistakes with medicines and poisoning prevention advice.
  • In an emergency, call Triple Zero (000) for an ambulance.

This publication is provided for education and information purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical care. Information about a therapy, service, product or treatment does not imply endorsem*nt and is not intended to replace advice from your healthcare professional. Readers should note that over time currency and completeness of the information may change. All users should seek advice from a qualified healthcare professional for a diagnosis and answers to their medical questions.

Essential oils – Health warning (2024)

FAQs

Essential oils – Health warning? ›

Inhalation of certain essential oils can trigger asthma symptoms in sensitive individuals. Strong odors, such as those from essential oils, may act as irritants and lead to bronchoconstriction (tightening of the smooth muscles around the airways), coughing, or shortness of breath.

What does the FDA say about essential oils? ›

The law treats Ingredients from plants the same as those from any other source. For example, “essential oils” are commonly used in so-called “aromatherapy” products. If an “aromatherapy” product is intended to treat or prevent disease, or to affect the structure or function of the body, it's a drug.

What to avoid when buying essential oils? ›

Check the label for terms like "therapeutic grade" or "pure essential oil." Avoid oils that are labeled as "fragrance oil" or "perfume oil," as these often contain artificial fragrances. Botanical Name: Each essential oil comes from a specific plant.

What essential oils are safe for you? ›

Safe use of aromatherapy

These include lavender, peppermint, citrus, such as sweet orange or mandarin, and ginger. Choosing from these four options, try different oils to find the ones your child finds pleasurable and calming. Buy essential oils from a reliable source.

Which essential oils are endocrine disruptors? ›

“It is important that physicians are aware that lavender oil and tea tree oil possess endocrine-disrupting activities, and although the effects we saw are very rare, such oils should be considered when evaluating unexplained early breast development in girls and gynecomastia in boys and adult men,” Korach said.

Why did Walmart stop selling essential oils? ›

Samples taken by CDC from a bottle of the Better Homes and Gardens Lavender & Chamomile aromatherapy room spray in the home of the Georgia victim found the presence of these dangerous bacteria. Walmart has stopped sale of the product.

Why is doTERRA not FDA approved? ›

Food and Drug Adminstration (FDA) Regulations

doTERRA does not market essential oil products as drugs. Instead, we choose to focus on statements about the structure and function of the body, as opposed to statements about disease.

What oils should you not diffuse? ›

Care should be taken with the following essential oils as they can be very irritating to the eyes, nose and throat: basil, Ceylon cinnamon, tarragon, wintergreen, clove, helichrysum, peppermint, compact oregano, mountain savory and thyme with thymol.

How to know if an essential oil is toxic? ›

What are the symptoms of toxicity?
  • drowsiness, slow/shallow breathing, coma (after large ingestion)
  • seizures.
  • persistent cough, gagging/choking, shortness of breath, wheezing.
  • nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea.
  • skin irritation (skin exposure)
  • eye redness, irritation or pain (eye exposures).

Are 100% essential oils safe? ›

Just because it's from a plant doesn't mean it's safe to rub on your skin, or breathe, or eat, even if it's “pure.” Natural substances can be irritating, toxic, or cause allergic reactions. Like anything else you put on your skin, it's best to test a little bit on a small area and see how your skin responds.

Who Cannot use essential oils? ›

Contraindications
  • Epilepsy - people with epilepsy or the risk of seizure should stay away from stimulating essential oils such as: sage, sweet fennel, hyssop, eucalyptus, rosemary. ...
  • High Blood Pressure - avoid oils that will increase circulation and adrenaline: rosemary, peppermint, hyssop, thyme, eucalyptus and sage.

What essential oils cannot be mixed together? ›

The combination of Peppermint and Thyme may lead to stomach irritation. There is also some evidence that skin irritation may be caused by the combination of Peppermint and Ylang Ylang, or Grapefruit blended with Lemon.

What are some toxic essential oils? ›

Hazardous Essential Oils
List of Hazardous Essential oils
BasilShould not be used by pregnant women.
PeppermintSkin irritant.
RueDangerous, not to be used in any way.
SageToxin. epileptic and not to be used in high blood pressure.
18 more rows

What essential oils are neurotoxic? ›

The neurotoxic essential oils

Sage officinale (Salvia officinalis) : thujone. Rosemary camphor (Rosmarinus officinalis): camphor. Mint pouliot (Mentha pulegium) : pulegone.

Which essential oil has estrogen? ›

Still, the doctors concluded that Lavender and Tea Tree have enough estrogenicity to have caused prepubertal breast growth. This study has gone on to be cited numerous times as evidence of Lavender and Tea Tree's estrogenicity.

What do scientists say about essential oils? ›

Results of lab studies are promising — one at Johns Hopkins found that certain essential oils could kill a type of Lyme bacteria better than antibiotics — but results in human clinical trials are mixed. Some studies indicate that there's a benefit to using essential oils while others show no improvement in symptoms.

Does the FDA regulate fragrance? ›

Before entering the US market, fragrance ingredients must meet the US FDA's cosmetic ingredient requirements. Although fragrances and fragrance ingredients are exempt from US FDA approval before entering the market, they must adhere to labelling regulations and ensure consumer well-being during use.

Is essential oil regulated? ›

The quality of an oil may be identifiable by its label, but it is important to keep in mind that Health Canada and the Food and Drug Administration do not regulate essential oils, thus there is no way to validate the truth of the claims on the bottle label.

Is peppermint oil FDA approved? ›

As a calcium channel blocker, (−) menthol is responsible for the spasmolytic effect of peppermint oil, and it has been used as a carminative and antispasmodic for esophageal spasm and irritable bowel syndrome [10]. The FDA has listed peppermint and peppermint oil as being “generally recognized as safe” [11].

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Aron Pacocha

Last Updated:

Views: 6365

Rating: 4.8 / 5 (48 voted)

Reviews: 87% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Aron Pacocha

Birthday: 1999-08-12

Address: 3808 Moen Corner, Gorczanyport, FL 67364-2074

Phone: +393457723392

Job: Retail Consultant

Hobby: Jewelry making, Cooking, Gaming, Reading, Juggling, Cabaret, Origami

Introduction: My name is Aron Pacocha, I am a happy, tasty, innocent, proud, talented, courageous, magnificent person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.